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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 6 Work Energy and power
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 6 Work Energy and power
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 6 Work Energy and power is designed and prepared by the best teachers across India. All the important topics are covered in the exercises and each answer comes with a detailed explanation to help students understand concepts better. These NCERT solutions play a crucial role in your preparation for all exams conducted by the CBSE, including the JEE.
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED
1. The sign of work done by a force on a body is important to understand. State carefully if the following quantities are positive or negative:(a) Work done by a man in lifting a bucket out of a well by means of a rope tied to the bucket,
(b) Work done by gravitational force in the above case,
(c) Work done by friction on a body sliding down an inclined plane,
(d) Work done by an applied force on a body moving on a rough horizontal plane with uniform velocity,
(e) Work done by the resistive force of air on a vibrating pendulum in bringing it to rest.
Ans. Work done, W = T.S = Fs cos θ
(a) Work done ‘positive’, because force is acting in the direction of displacement i.e., θ = 0°.
(b) Work done is negative, because force is acting against the displacement i.e., θ = 180°.
(c) Work done is negative, because force of friction is acting against the displacement i.e., θ= 180°.
(d) Work done is positive, because body moves in the direction of applied force i.e., θ= 0°.
(e) Work done is negative, because the resistive force of air opposes the motion i.e., θ = 180°.
(a) Work done by the applied force in 10 s
(b) Work done by friction in 10 s
(c) Work done by the net force on the body in 10 s
(d) Change in kinetic energy of the body in 10 s and interpret your results.
Ans. (a) We know that Uk = frictional force/normal reaction
frictional force = Uk x normal reaction
= 0.1 x 2 kg wt = 0.1 x 2 x 9.8 N = 1.96 N
net effective force = (7 – 1.96) N = 5.04 N
acceleration = 5.04/2 ms-2 = 2.52 ms-2
distance, s=1/2x 2.52 x 10 x 10 = 126 m
work done by applied force = 7 x 126 J = 882 J
(b) Work done by friction = 1.96 x 126 = -246.96 J
(c) Work done by net force = 5.04 x 126 = 635.04 J
(d) Change in the kinetic energy of the body
= work done by the net force in 10 seconds = 635.04 J (This is in accordance with work-energy theorem).
(a) When a conservative force does positive work on a body, the potential energy of the body increases/decreases/remains unaltered.
(b)Work done by a body against friction always results in a loss of its kinetic/potential energy.
(c) The rate of change of total momentum of a many particle system is proportional to the external force/sum of the internal forces of the system.
(d) In an inelastic collision of two bodies, the quantities which do not change after the collision are the total kinetic energy/total linear momentum/total energy of the system of two bodies.
Ans. (a) Potential energy of the body decreases, because the body in this case goes closer to the centre of the force.
(b) Kinetic energy, because friction does its work against motion.
(c) Internal forces can not change the total or net momentum of a system. Hence the rate of change of total momentum of many particle system is proportional to the external force on the system.
(d) In an inelastic collision of two bodies, the quantities which do not change after the collision are the total kinetic energy/total linear momentum/ total energy of the system of two bodies.
(a) In an elastic collision of two bodies, the momentum and energy of each body is conserved.
(b) Total energy of a system is always conserved, no matter what internal and external forces on the body are present.
(c) Work done in the motion of a body over a closed loop is zero for every force in nature.
(d) In an inelastic collision, the final kinetic energy is always less than the initial kinetic energy of the system.
Ans. (a) False, the total momentum and total energy of the system are conserved.
(b) False, the external force on the system may increase or decrease the total energy of the system.
(c) False, the work done during the motion of a body over a closed loop is zero only when body is moving under the action of a conservative force (such as gravitational or electrostatic force). Friction is not a conservative force hence work done by force of friction (or work done on the body against friction) is not zero over a closed loop.
(d) True, usually in an inelastic collision the final kinetic energy is always less than the initial kinetic energy of the system.
(a) In an elastic collision of two billiard balls, is the total kinetic energy conserved during the short time of collision of the balls (i.e., when they are in contact)?
(b) Is the total linear momentum conserved during the short time of an elastic collision of two balls?
(c) What are the answers to (a) and (b) for an inelastic collision?
(d) If the potential energy of two billiard balls depends only on the separation distance between their centres, is the collision elastic or inelastic? (Note, we are talking here of potential energy corresponding to the force during collision, not gravitational potential energy).
Ans. (a) In this case total kinetic energy is not conserved because when the bodies are in contact dining elastic collision even, the kinetic energy is converted into potential energy.
(b) Yes, because total momentum conserves as per law of conservation of momentum.
(c) The answers remain unchanged.
(d) It is a case of elastic collision because in this case the forces will be of conservative nature.
(i) t1/2 (ii) t (iii) t3/2 (iv) t2
Ans. (ii) From v = u + at
v = 0 + at = at
As power, p = F x v
.’. p = (ma) x at = ma2t
Since m and a are constants, therefore, p α t.
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